Hypertext Webster Gateway: "hard"

From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) (web1913)



7. To proceed by a mental operation; to pass in mind or by an
act of the memory or imagination; -- generally with over
or through.

By going over all these particulars, you may receive
some tolerable satisfaction about this great
subject. --South.

8. To be with young; to be pregnant; to gestate.

The fruit she goes with, I pray for heartily, that
it may find Good time, and live. --Shak.

9. To move from the person speaking, or from the point whence
the action is contemplated; to pass away; to leave; to
depart; -- in opposition to stay and come.

I will let you go, that ye may sacrifice to the Lord
your God; . . . only ye shall not go very far away.
--Ex. viii.
28.

10. To pass away; to depart forever; to be lost or ruined; to
perish; to decline; to decease; to die.

By Saint George, he's gone! That spear wound hath
our master sped. --Sir W.
Scott.

11. To reach; to extend; to lead; as, a line goes across the
street; his land goes to the river; this road goes to New
York.

His amorous expressions go no further than virtue
may allow. --Dryden.

12. To have recourse; to resort; as, to go to law.

Note: Go is used, in combination with many prepositions and
adverbs, to denote motion of the kind indicated by the
preposition or adverb, in which, and not in the verb,
lies the principal force of the expression; as, to go
against to go into, to go out, to go aside, to go
astray, etc.

{Go to}, come; move; go away; -- a phrase of exclamation,
serious or ironical.

{To go a-begging}, not to be in demand; to be undesired.

{To go about}.
(a) To set about; to enter upon a scheme of action; to
undertake. ``They went about to slay him.'' --Acts
ix. 29.

They never go about . . . to hide or palliate
their vices. --Swift.
(b) (Naut.) To tack; to turn the head of a ship; to wear.


{To go abraod}.
(a) To go to a foreign country.
(b) To go out of doors.
(c) To become public; to be published or disclosed; to be
current.

Then went this saying abroad among the
brethren. --John xxi.
23.

{To go against}.
(a) To march against; to attack.
(b) To be in opposition to; to be disagreeable to.

{To go ahead}.
(a) To go in advance.
(b) To go on; to make progress; to proceed.

{To go and come}. See {To come and go}, under {Come}.

{To go aside}.
(a) To withdraw; to retire.

He . . . went aside privately into a desert
place. --Luke. ix.
10.
(b) To go from what is right; to err. --Num. v. 29.

{To go back on}.
(a) To retrace (one's path or footsteps).
(b) To abandon; to turn against; to betray. [Slang, U.
S.]

{To go below}
(Naut), to go below deck.

{To go between}, to interpose or mediate between; to be a
secret agent between parties; in a bad sense, to pander.


{To go beyond}. See under {Beyond}.

{To go by}, to pass away unnoticed; to omit.

{To go by the board} (Naut.), to fall or be carried
overboard; as, the mast went by the board.

{To go down}.
(a) To descend.
(b) To go below the horizon; as, the sun has gone down.
(c) To sink; to founder; -- said of ships, etc.
(d) To be swallowed; -- used literally or figuratively.
[Colloq.]

Nothing so ridiculous, . . . but it goes down
whole with him for truth. --L' Estrange.

{To go far}.
(a) To go to a distance.
(b) To have much weight or influence.

{To go for}.
(a) To go in quest of.
(b) To represent; to pass for.
(c) To favor; to advocate.
(d) To attack; to assault. [Low]
(e) To sell for; to be parted with for (a price).

{To go for nothing}, to be parted with for no compensation or
result; to have no value, efficacy, or influence; to count
for nothing.

{To go forth}.
(a) To depart from a place.
(b) To be divulged or made generally known; to emanate.

The law shall go forth of Zion, and the word of
the Lord from Jerusalem. --Micah iv. 2.

{To go hard with}, to trouble, pain, or endanger.

{To go in}, to engage in; to take part. [Colloq.]

{To go in and out}, to do the business of life; to live; to
have free access. --John x. 9.

{To go in for}. [Colloq.]
(a) To go for; to favor or advocate (a candidate, a
measure, etc.).
(b) To seek to acquire or attain to (wealth, honor,
preferment, etc.)
(c) To complete for (a reward, election, etc.).
(d) To make the object of one's labors, studies, etc.

He was as ready to go in for statistics as for
anything else. --Dickens.


{To go in to} or {unto}.
(a) To enter the presence of. --Esther iv. 16.
(b) To have sexual intercourse with. [Script.]

{To go into}.
(a) To speak of, investigate, or discuss (a question,
subject, etc.).
(b) To participate in (a war, a business, etc.).

{To go large}.
(Naut) See under {Large}.

{To go off}.
(a) To go away; to depart.

The leaders . . . will not go off until they
hear you. --Shak.
(b) To cease; to intermit; as, this sickness went off.
(c) To die. --Shak.
(d) To explode or be discharged; -- said of gunpowder, of
a gun, a mine, etc.
(e) To find a purchaser; to be sold or disposed of.
(f) To pass off; to take place; to be accomplished.

The wedding went off much as such affairs do.
--Mrs.
Caskell.

{To go on}.
(a) To proceed; to advance further; to continue; as, to
go on reading.
(b) To be put or drawn on; to fit over; as, the coat will
not go on.

{To go all fours}, to correspond exactly, point for point.

It is not easy to make a simile go on all fours.
--Macaulay.

{To go out}.
(a) To issue forth from a place.
(b) To go abroad; to make an excursion or expedition.

There are other men fitter to go out than I.
--Shak.

What went ye out for to see ? --Matt. xi. 7,
8, 9.
(c) To become diffused, divulged, or spread abroad, as
news, fame etc.
(d) To expire; to die; to cease; to come to an end; as,
the light has gone out.

Life itself goes out at thy displeasure.
--Addison.

{To go over}.
(a) To traverse; to cross, as a river, boundary, etc.; to
change sides.

I must not go over Jordan. --Deut. iv.
22.

Let me go over, and see the good land that is
beyond Jordan. --Deut. iii.
25.

Ishmael . . . departed to go over to the
Ammonites. --Jer. xli.
10.
(b) To read, or study; to examine; to review; as, to go
over one's accounts.

If we go over the laws of Christianity, we
shall find that . . . they enjoin the same
thing. --Tillotson.
(c) To transcend; to surpass.
(d) To be postponed; as, the bill went over for the
session.
(e) (Chem.) To be converted (into a specified substance
or material); as, monoclinic sulphur goes over into
orthorhombic, by standing; sucrose goes over into
dextrose and levulose.

{To go through}.
(a) To accomplish; as, to go through a work.
(b) To suffer; to endure to the end; as, to go through a
surgical operation or a tedious illness.
(c) To spend completely; to exhaust, as a fortune.
(d) To strip or despoil (one) of his property. [Slang]
(e) To botch or bungle a business. [Scot.]

{To go through with}, to perform, as a calculation, to the
end; to complete.

{To go to ground}.
(a) To escape into a hole; -- said of a hunted fox.
(b) To fall in battle.

{To go to naught} (Colloq.), to prove abortive, or
unavailling.

{To go under}.
(a) To set; -- said of the sun.
(b) To be known or recognized by (a name, title, etc.).
(c) To be overwhelmed, submerged, or defeated; to perish;
to succumb.

{To go up}, to come to nothing; to prove abortive; to fail.
[Slang]

{To go upon}, to act upon, as a foundation or hypothesis.

{To go with}.
(a) To accompany.
(b) To coincide or agree with.
(c) To suit; to harmonize with.

{To go} (

{well},

{ill}, or

{hard})

{with}, to affect (one) in such manner.

{To go without}, to be, or to remain, destitute of.

{To go wrong}.
(a) To take a wrong road or direction; to wander or
stray.
(b) To depart from virtue.
(c) To happen unfortunately.
(d) To miss success.

{To let go}, to allow to depart; to quit one's hold; to
release.

From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) (web1913)

Hard \Hard\, a. [Compar. {Harder}; superl. {Hardest}.] [{OE}.
heard, AS. heard; akin to OS. & D. heard, G. hart, OHG.
harti, Icel. har?r, Dan. haard, Sw. h[*a]rd, Goth. hardus,
Gr.? strong, ?, ?, strength, and also to E. -ard, as in
coward, drunkard, -crat, -cracy in autocrat, democracy; cf.
Skr. kratu strength, ? to do, make. Cf. {Hardy}.]
1. Not easily penetrated, cut, or separated into parts; not
yielding to pressure; firm; solid; compact; -- applied to
material bodies, and opposed to soft; as, hard wood; hard
flesh; a hard apple.

2. Difficult, mentally or judicially; not easily apprehended,
decided, or resolved; as a hard problem.

The hard causes they brought unto Moses. --Ex.
xviii. 26.

In which are some things hard to be understood. --2
Peter iii. 16.

3. Difficult to accomplish; full of obstacles; laborious;
fatiguing; arduous; as, a hard task; a disease hard to
cure.

4. Difficult to resist or control; powerful.

The stag was too hard for the horse. --L'Estrange.

A power which will be always too hard for them.
--Addison.

5. Difficult to bear or endure; not easy to put up with or
consent to; hence, severe; rigorous; oppressive;
distressing; unjust; grasping; as, a hard lot; hard times;
hard fare; a hard winter; hard conditions or terms.

I never could drive a hard bargain. --Burke.

6. Difficult to please or influence; stern; unyielding;
obdurate; unsympathetic; unfeeling; cruel; as, a hard
master; a hard heart; hard words; a hard character.

7. Not easy or agreeable to the taste; stiff; rigid;
ungraceful; repelling; as, a hard style.

Figures harder than even the marble itself.
--Dryden.

8. Rough; acid; sour, as liquors; as, hard cider.

9. (Pron.) Abrupt or explosive in utterance; not aspirated,
sibilated, or pronounced with a gradual change of the
organs from one position to another; -- said of certain
consonants, as c in came, and g in go, as distinguished
from the same letters in center, general, etc.

10. Wanting softness or smoothness of utterance; harsh; as, a
hard tone.

11. (Painting)
(a) Rigid in the drawing or distribution of the figures;
formal; lacking grace of composition.
(b) Having disagreeable and abrupt contrasts in the
coloring or light and shade.

{Hard cancer}, {Hard case}, etc. See under {Cancer}, {Case},
etc.

{Hard clam}, or {Hard-shelled clam} (Zo["o]l.), the guahog.


{Hard coal}, anthracite, as distinguished from bituminous or
soft coal.

{Hard and fast}. (Naut.) See under {Fast}.

{Hard finish} (Arch.), a smooth finishing coat of hard fine
plaster applied to the surface of rough plastering.

{Hard lines}, hardship; difficult conditions.

{Hard money}, coin or specie, as distinguished from paper
money.

{Hard oyster} (Zo["o]l.), the northern native oyster. [Local,
U. S.]

{Hard pan}, the hard stratum of earth lying beneath the soil;
hence, figuratively, the firm, substantial, fundamental
part or quality of anything; as, the hard pan of
character, of a matter in dispute, etc. See {Pan}.

{Hard rubber}. See under {Rubber}.

{Hard solder}. See under {Solder}.

{Hard water}, water, which contains lime or some mineral
substance rendering it unfit for washing. See {Hardness},
3.

{Hard wood}, wood of a solid or hard texture; as walnut, oak,
ash, box, and the like, in distinction from pine, poplar,
hemlock, etc.

{In hard condition}, in excellent condition for racing;
having firm muscles;-said of race horses.

Syn: Solid; arduous; powerful; trying; unyielding; stubborn;
stern; flinty; unfeeling; harsh; difficult; severe;
obdurate; rigid. See {Solid}, and {Arduous}.

From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) (web1913)

Hard \Hard\, adv. [OE. harde, AS. hearde.]
1. With pressure; with urgency; hence, diligently; earnestly.

And prayed so hard for mercy from the prince.
--Dryden.

My father Is hard at study; pray now, rest yourself.
--Shak.

2. With difficulty; as, the vehicle moves hard.

3. Uneasily; vexatiously; slowly. --Shak.

4. So as to raise difficulties. `` The guestion is hard
set''. --Sir T. Browne.

5. With tension or strain of the powers; violently; with
force; tempestuously; vehemently; vigorously;
energetically; as, to press, to blow, to rain hard; hence,
rapidly; as, to run hard.

6. Close or near.

Whose house joined hard to the synagogue. --Acts
xviii.7.

{Hard by}, {near by}; close at hand; not far off. ``Hard by a
cottage chimney smokes.'' --Milton.

{Hard pushed}, {Hard run}, greatly pressed; as, he was hard
pushed or hard run for time, money, etc. [Colloq.]

{Hard up}, closely pressed by want or necessity; without
money or resources; as, hard up for amusements. [Slang]

Note: Hard in nautical language is often joined to words of
command to the helmsman, denoting that the order should
be carried out with the utmost energy, or that the helm
should be put, in the direction indicated, to the
extreme limit, as, Hard aport! Hard astarboard! Hard
alee! Hard aweather up! Hard is also often used in
composition with a participle; as, hard-baked;
hard-earned; hard-working; hard-won.

From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) (web1913)

Hard \Hard\, v. t.
To harden; to make hard. [Obs.] --Chaucer.

From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) (web1913)

Hard \Hard\, n.
A ford or passage across a river or swamp.

From WordNet (r) 1.7 (wn)

hard
adj 1: not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to
accomplish or comprehend or endure; "a difficult
task"; "nesting places on the cliffs are difficult of
access"; "difficult times"; "a difficult child";
"found himself in a difficult situation"; "why is it
so hard for you to keep a secret?" [syn: {difficult}]
[ant: {easy}]
2: metaphorically hard; "a hard fate"; "took a hard look"; "a
hard bargainer"; "a hard climb" [ant: {soft}]
3: not yielding to pressure or easily penetrated; "hard as
rock" [ant: {soft}]
4: very strong or vigorous; "strong winds"; "a hard left to the
chin"; "a knockout punch"; "a severe blow" [syn: {knockout},
{severe}]
5: characterized by toilsome effort to the point of exhaustion;
especially physical effort; "worked their arduous way up
the mining valley"; "a grueling campaign"; "hard labor";
"heavy work"; "heavy going"; "spent many laborious hours
on the project"; "set a punishing pace" [syn: {arduous}, {backbreaking},
{grueling}, {gruelling}, {heavy}, {laborious}, {labourious},
{punishing}, {toilsome}]
6: of speech sounds [ant: {soft}]
7: of a drinker or drinking; indulging intemperately; "does a
lot of hard drinking"; "a heavy drinker" [syn: {hard(a)},
{heavy}]
8: having undergone fermentation; "hard cider" [syn: {fermented}]
9: having a high alcoholic content; "hard liquor" [syn: {strong}]
10: unfortunate or hard to bear; "had hard luck"; "a tough
break" [syn: {tough}]
11: dried out; "hard dry rolls left over from the day before"
adv 1: with effort or force or vigor; "the team played hard";
"worked hard all day"; "pressed hard on the lever";
"hit the ball hard"; "slammed the door hard"
2: with firmness; "held hard to the railing" [syn: {firmly}]
3: earnestly or intently; "thought hard about it"; "stared hard
at the accused"
4: causing great damage or hardship; "industries hit hard by
the depression"; "she was severely affected by the bank's
failure" [syn: {severely}]
5: slowly and with difficulty; "prejudices die hard"
6: indulging excessively; "he drank heavily" [syn: {heavily}, {intemperately}]
[ant: {lightly}]
7: into a solid condition; "concrete that sets hard within a
few hours"
8: very near or close in space or time; "it stands hard by the
railroad tracks"; "they were hard on his heels"; "a strike
followed hard upon the plant's opening"
9: with pain or distress or bitterness; "he took the rejection
very hard"
10: to the full extent possible; all the way; "hard alee"; "the
ship went hard astern"; "swung the wheel hard left"


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