To prevent such abuses, . . . it has been found
necessary . . . to affix a public stamp upon certain
quantities of such particular metals, as were in
those countries commonly made use of to purchase
goods. Hence the origin of coined money, and of
those public offices called mints. --A. Smith.
2. Any written or stamped promise, certificate, or order, as
a government note, a bank note, a certificate of deposit,
etc., which is payable in standard coined money and is
lawfully current in lieu of it; in a comprehensive sense,
any currency usually and lawfully employed in buying and
selling.
Note: Whatever, among barbarous nations, is used as a medium
of effecting exchanges of property, and in the terms of
which values are reckoned, as sheep, wampum, copper
rings, quills of salt or of gold dust, shovel blades,
etc., is, in common language, called their money.
3. In general, wealth; property; as, he has much money in
land, or in stocks; to make, or lose, money.
The love of money is a root of all kinds of evil.
--1 Tim vi. 10
(Rev. Ver. ).
{To turn one's coat}, to change one's uniform or colors; to
go over to the opposite party.
{To turn one's goods} or {money}, and the like, to exchange
in the course of trade; to keep in lively exchange or
circulation; to gain or increase in trade.
{To turn one's hand to}, to adapt or apply one's self to; to
engage in.
{To turn out}.
(a) To drive out; to expel; as, to turn a family out of
doors; to turn a man out of office.
I'll turn you out of my kingdom. -- Shak.
(b) to put to pasture, as cattle or horses.
(c) To produce, as the result of labor, or any process of
manufacture; to furnish in a completed state.
(d) To reverse, as a pocket, bag, etc., so as to bring the
inside to the outside; hence, to produce.
(e) To cause to cease, or to put out, by turning a
stopcock, valve, or the like; as, to turn out the
lights.
{To turn over}.
(a) To change or reverse the position of; to overset; to
overturn; to cause to roll over.
(b) To transfer; as, to turn over business to another
hand.
(c) To read or examine, as a book, while, turning the
leaves. ``We turned o'er many books together.''
--Shak.
(d) To handle in business; to do business to the amount
of; as, he turns over millions a year. [Colloq.]
{To turn over a new leaf}. See under {Leaf}.
{To turn tail}, to run away; to retreat ignominiously.
{To turn the back}, to flee; to retreat.
{upon}, to treat with contempt; to reject or refuse
unceremoniously.
{To turn the corner}, to pass the critical stage; to get by
the worst point; hence, to begin to improve, or to
succeed.
{To turn the die} or {dice}, to change fortune.
{To turn the edge} or {point of}, to bend over the edge or
point of so as to make dull; to blunt.
{To turn the head} or {brain of}, to make giddy, wild,
insane, or the like; to infatuate; to overthrow the reason
or judgment of; as, a little success turned his head.
{To turn the scale} or {balance}, to change the
preponderance; to decide or determine something doubtful.
{To turn the stomach of}, to nauseate; to sicken.
{To turn the tables}, to reverse the chances or conditions of
success or superiority; to give the advantage to the
person or side previously at a disadvantage.
{To turn tippet}, to make a change. [Obs.] --B. Jonson.
{To turn to} {profit, advantage}, etc., to make profitable or
advantageous.
{To turn up}.
(a) To turn so as to bring the bottom side on top; as, to
turn up the trump.
(b) To bring from beneath to the surface, as in plowing,
digging, etc.
(c) To give an upward curve to; to tilt; as, to turn up
the nose.
{To turn upon}, to retort; to throw back; as, to turn the
arguments of an opponent upon himself.
{To turn upside down}, to confuse by putting things awry; to
throw into disorder.
This house is turned upside down since Robin Ostler
died. --Shak.