Note: The common anchor consists of a straight bar called a
shank, having at one end a transverse bar called a
stock, above which is a ring for the cable, and at the
other end the crown, from which branch out two or more
arms with flukes, forming with the shank a suitable
angle to enter the ground.
Note: Formerly the largest and strongest anchor was the sheet
anchor (hence, Fig., best hope or last refuge), called
also {waist anchor}. Now the bower and the sheet anchor
are usually alike. Then came the best bower and the
small bower (so called from being carried on the bows).
The stream anchor is one fourth the weight of the bower
anchor. Kedges or kedge anchors are light anchors used
in warping.
2. Any instrument or contrivance serving a purpose like that
of a ship's anchor, as an arrangement of timber to hold a
dam fast; a contrivance to hold the end of a bridge cable,
or other similar part; a contrivance used by founders to
hold the core of a mold in place.
3. Fig.: That which gives stability or security; that on
which we place dependence for safety.
Which hope we have as an anchor of the soul. --Heb.
vi. 19.
5. (Arch.)
(a) A metal tie holding adjoining parts of a building
together.
(b) Carved work, somewhat resembling an anchor or
arrowhead; -- a part of the ornaments of certain
moldings. It is seen in the echinus, or egg-and-anchor
(called also {egg-and-dart}, {egg-and-tongue})
ornament.
6. (Zo["o]l.) One of the anchor-shaped spicules of certain
sponges; also, one of the calcareous spinules of certain
Holothurians, as in species of {Synapta}.
{Anchor ice}. See under {Ice}.
{Anchor ring}. (Math.) Same as {Annulus}, 2 (b).
{Anchor stock} (Naut.), the crossbar at the top of the shank
at right angles to the arms.
{The anchor comes home}, when it drags over the bottom as the
ship drifts.
{Foul anchor}, the anchor when it hooks, or is entangled
with, another anchor, or with a cable or wreck, or when
the slack cable entangled.
{The anchor is acockbill}, when it is suspended
perpendicularly from the cathead, ready to be let go.
{The anchor is apeak}, when the cable is drawn in do tight as
to bring to ship directly over it.
{The anchor is atrip}, or {aweigh}, when it is lifted out of
the ground.
{The anchor is awash}, when it is hove up to the surface of
the water.
{To back an anchor}, to increase the holding power by laying
down a small anchor ahead of that by which the ship rides,
with the cable fastened to the crown of the latter to
prevent its coming home.
{To cast anchor}, to drop or let go an anchor to keep a ship
at rest.
{To cat the anchor}, to hoist the anchor to the cathead and
pass the ring-stopper.
{To fish the anchor}, to hoist the flukes to their resting
place (called the bill-boards), and pass the shank
painter.
{To weigh anchor}, to heave or raise the anchor so as to sail
away.
2. To fix or fasten; to fix in a stable condition; as, to
anchor the cables of a suspension bridge.
Till that my nails were anchored in thine eyes.
--Shak.
My invention . . . anchors on Isabel. --Shak.