2. (Geol. & Mining) A dislocation caused by a slipping of
rock masses along a plane of facture; also, the dislocated
structure resulting from such slipping.
Note: The surface along which the dislocated masses have
moved is called the
{fault plane}. When this plane is vertical, the fault is a
{vertical fault}; when its inclination is such that the
present relative position of the two masses could have
been produced by the sliding down, along the fault plane,
of the mass on its upper side, the fault is a
{normal}, or {gravity}, {fault}. When the fault plane is so
inclined that the mass on its upper side has moved up
relatively, the fault is then called a
{reverse} (or {reversed}), {thrust}, or {overthrust},
{fault}. If no vertical displacement has resulted, the fault
is then called a
{horizontal fault}. The linear extent of the dislocation
measured on the fault plane and in the direction of
movement is the
{displacement}; the vertical displacement is the
{throw}; the horizontal displacement is the
{heave}. The direction of the line of intersection of the
fault plane with a horizontal plane is the
{trend} of the fault. A fault is a
{strike fault} when its trend coincides approximately with
the strike of associated strata (i.e., the line of
intersection of the plane of the strata with a horizontal
plane); it is a
{dip fault} when its trend is at right angles to the strike;
an
{oblique fault} when its trend is oblique to the strike.
Oblique faults and dip faults are sometimes called
{cross faults}. A series of closely associated parallel
faults are sometimes called
One heaved ahigh, to be hurled down below. --Shak.
Note: Heave, as now used, implies that the thing raised is
heavy or hard to move; but formerly it was used in a
less restricted sense.
Here a little child I stand, Heaving up my either
hand. --Herrick.
2. To throw; to cast; -- obsolete, provincial, or colloquial,
except in certain nautical phrases; as, to heave the lead;
to heave the log.
3. To force from, or into, any position; to cause to move;
also, to throw off; -- mostly used in certain nautical
phrases; as, to heave the ship ahead.
4. To raise or force from the breast; to utter with effort;
as, to heave a sigh.
The wretched animal heaved forth such groans.
--Shak.
5. To cause to swell or rise, as the breast or bosom.
The glittering, finny swarms That heave our friths,
and crowd upon our shores. --Thomson.
{To heave a cable short} (Naut.), to haul in cable till the
ship is almost perpendicularly above the anchor.
{To heave a ship ahead} (Naut.), to warp her ahead when not
under sail, as by means of cables.
{To heave a ship down} (Naut.), to throw or lay her down on
one side; to careen her.
{To heave a ship to} (Naut.), to bring the ship's head to the
wind, and stop her motion.
{To heave about} (Naut.), to put about suddenly.
{To heave in} (Naut.), to shorten (cable).
{To heave in stays} (Naut.), to put a vessel on the other
tack.
{To heave out a sail} (Naut.), to unfurl it.
{To heave taut} (Naut.), to turn a
After many strains and heaves He got up to his
saddle eaves. --Hudibras.
2. An upward motion; a rising; a swell or distention, as of
the breast in difficult breathing, of the waves, of the
earth in an earthquake, and the like.
There's matter in these sighs, these profound
heaves, You must translate. --Shak.
None could guess whether the next heave of the
earthquake would settle . . . or swallow them.
--Dryden.
3. (Geol.) A horizontal dislocation in a metallic lode,
taking place at an intersection with another lode.
And the huge columns heave into the sky. --Pope.
Where heaves the turf in many a moldering heap.
--Gray.
The heaving sods of Bunker Hill. --E. Everett.
2. To rise and fall with alternate motions, as the lungs in
heavy breathing, as waves in a heavy sea, as ships on the
billows, as the earth when broken up by frost, etc.; to
swell; to dilate; to expand; to distend; hence, to labor;
to struggle.
Frequent for breath his panting bosom heaves.
--Prior.
The heaving plain of ocean. --Byron.
3. To make an effort to raise, throw, or move anything; to
strain to do something difficult.
The Church of England had struggled and heaved at a
reformation ever since Wyclif's days. --Atterbury.
4. To make an effort to vomit; to retch; to vomit.
{To heave at}.
(a) To make an effort at.
(b) To attack, to oppose. [Obs.] --Fuller.
{To heave in sight} (as a ship at sea), to come in sight; to
appear.
{To heave up}, to vomit. [Low]