2. Aside from; out of the regular course or order of; in a
state of deviation from; out of.
[You] have done enough To put him quite beside his
patience. --Shak.
3. Over and above; distinct from; in addition to.
Note: [In this use besides is now commoner.]
Wise and learned men beside those whose names are
in the Christian records. --Addison.
{To be beside one's self}, to be out of one's wits or senses.
Paul, thou art beside thyself. --Acts xxvi.
24.
Usage: These words, whether used as prepositions or adverbs,
have been considered strictly synonymous, from an
early period of our literature, and have been freely
interchanged by our best writers. There is, however, a
tendency, in present usage, to make the following
distinction between them: 1. That beside be used only
and always as a preposition, with the original meaning
``by the side of; '' as, to sit beside a fountain; or
with the closely allied meaning ``aside from'',
``apart from'', or ``out of''; as, this is beside our
present purpose; to be beside one's self with joy. The
adverbial sense to be wholly transferred to the
cognate word. 2. That besides, as a preposition, take
the remaining sense ``in addition to'', as, besides
all this; besides the considerations here offered.
``There was a famine in the land besides the first
famine.'' --Gen. xxvi. 1. And that it also take the
adverbial sense of ``moreover'', ``beyond'', etc.,
which had been divided between the words; as, besides,
there are other considerations which belong to this
case. The following passages may serve to illustrate
this use of the words:
Lovely Thais sits beside thee. --Dryden.
Only be patient till we have appeased The
multitude, beside themselves with fear. --Shak.
It is beside my present business to enlarge on
this speculation. --Locke.
Besides this, there are persons in certain
situations who are expected to be charitable.
--Bp. Porteus.
And, besides, the Moor May unfold me to him;
there stand I in much peril. --Shak.
That man that does not know those things which
are of necessity for him to know is but an
ignorant man, whatever he may know besides.
--Tillotson.
2. More than that; over and above; not included in the
number, or in what has been mentioned; moreover; in
addition.
The men said unto Lot, Hast thou here any besides ?
--Gen. xix.
12.
To all beside, as much an empty shade, An Eugene
living, as a C[ae]sar dead. --Pope.
Note: These sentences may be considered as elliptical.