{Sexagesimal fractions} or {numbers} (Arith. & Alg.), those
fractions whose denominators are some power of sixty; as,
1/60, 1/3600, 1/216000; -- called also {astronomical
fractions}, because formerly there were no others used in
astronomical calculations.
{Sexagesimal}, or {Sexagenary}, {arithmetic}, the method of
computing by the sexagenary scale, or by sixties.
{Sexagesimal scale} (Math.), the sexagenary scale.
2. A book containing the principles of this science.
{Arithmetic of sines}, trigonometry.
{Political arithmetic}, the application of the science of
numbers to problems in civil government, political
economy, and social science.
{Universal arithmetic}, the name given by Sir Isaac Newton to
algebra.
Note: Mathematics embraces three departments, namely: 1.
{Arithmetic}. 2. {Geometry}, including {Trigonometry}
and {Conic Sections}. 3. {Analysis}, in which letters
are used, including {Algebra}, {Analytical Geometry},
and {Calculus}. Each of these divisions is divided into
pure or abstract, which considers magnitude or quantity
abstractly, without relation to matter; and mixed or
applied, which treats of magnitude as subsisting in
material bodies, and is consequently interwoven with
physical considerations.