Hypertext Webster Gateway: "Reserve"

From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) (web1913)

Reserve \Re*serve"\, n.
1. (Finance)
(a) That part of the assets of a bank or other financial
institution specially kept in cash in a more or less
liquid form as a reasonable provision for meeting all
demands which may be made upon it; specif.:
(b) (Banking) Usually, the uninvested cash kept on hand
for this purpose, called the {real reserve}. In Great
Britain the ultimate real reserve is the gold kept on
hand in the Bank of England, largely represented by
the notes in hand in its own banking department; and
any balance which a bank has with the Bank of England
is a part of its reserve. In the United States the
reserve of a national bank consists of the amount of
lawful money it holds on hand against deposits, which
is required by law to be not less than 15 per cent
(--U. S. Rev. Stat. secs. 5191, 5192), three fifths of
which the banks not in a reserve city (which see) may
keep deposited as balances in national banks that are
in reserve cities (--U. S. Rev. Stat. sec. 5192).
(c) (Life Insurance) The amount of funds or assets
necessary for a company to have at any given time to
enable it, with interest and premiums paid as they
shall accure, to meet all claims on the insurance then
in force as they would mature according to the
particular mortality table accepted. The reserve is
always reckoned as a liability, and is calculated on
net premiums. It is theoretically the difference
between the present value of the total insurance and
the present value of the future premiums on the
insurance. The reserve, being an amount for which
another company could, theoretically, afford to take
over the insurance, is sometimes called the

{reinsurance fund} or the

{self-insurance fund}. For the first year upon any policy the
net premium is called the

{initial reserve}, and the balance left at the end of the
year including interest is the

{terminal reserve}. For subsequent years the initial reserve
is the net premium, if any, plus the terminal reserve of
the previous year. The portion of the reserve to be
absorbed from the initial reserve in any year in payment
of losses is sometimes called the

{insurance reserve}, and the terminal reserve is then called
the

{investment reserve}.

2. In exhibitions, a distinction which indicates that the
recipient will get a prize if another should be
disqualified.

3. (Calico Printing) A resist.

4. A preparation used on an object being electroplated to fix
the limits of the deposit.

5. See {Army organization}, above.

From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) (web1913)

Reserve \Re*serve"\ (r?-z?rv"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Reserved}.
(z?rvd");p. pr. & vb. n. {Reserving}.] [F. r['e]server, L.
reservare, reservatum; pref. re- re- + servare to keep. See
{Serve}.]
1. To keep back; to retain; not to deliver, make over, or
disclose. ``I have reserved to myself nothing.'' --Shak.

2. Hence, to keep in store for future or special use; to
withhold from present use for another purpose or time; to
keep; to retain. --Gen. xxvii. 35.

Hast thou seen the treasures of the hail, which I
have reserved against the time of trouble? --Job
xxxviii.
22,23.

Reserve your kind looks and language for private
hours. --Swift.

3. To make an exception of; to except. [R.]

From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) (web1913)

Reserve \Re*serve"\, n. [F. r['e]serve.]
1. The act of reserving, or keeping back; reservation.

However any one may concur in the general scheme, it
is still with certain reserves and deviations.
--Addison.

2. That which is reserved, or kept back, as for future use.

The virgins, besides the oil in their lamps, carried
likewise a reserve in some other vessel for a
continual supply. --Tillotson.

3. That which is excepted; exception.

Each has some darling lust, which pleads for a
reserve. --Rogers.

4. Restraint of freedom in words or actions; backwardness;
caution in personal behavior.

My soul, surprised, and from her sex disjoined, Left
all reserve, and all the sex, behind. --Prior.

The clergyman's shy and sensitive reserve had balked
this scheme. --Hawthorne.

5. A tract of land reserved, or set apart, for a particular
purpose; as, the Connecticut Reserve in Ohio, originally
set apart for the school fund of Connecticut; the Clergy
Reserves in Canada, for the support of the clergy.

6. (Mil.) A body of troops in the rear of an army drawn up
for battle, reserved to support the other lines as
occasion may require; a force or body of troops kept for
an exigency.

7. (Banking) Funds kept on hand to meet liabilities.

{In reserve}, in keeping for other or future use; in store;
as, he has large quantities of wheat in reserve; he has
evidence or arguments in reserve.

{Reserve air}. (Physiol.) Same as {Supplemental air}, under
{Supplemental}.

Syn: Reservation; retention; limitation; backwardness;
reservedness; coldness; restraint; shyness; coyness;
modesty.

From WordNet (r) 1.7 (wn)

reserve
adj 1: not engaged in military action [syn: {inactive}, {reserve(a)}]
2: kept in reserve especially for emergency use; "a reserve
supply of food"; "a spare tire"; "spare parts" [syn: {reserve(a)},
{spare}]
n 1: formality and propriety of manner [syn: {modesty}]
2: something kept back or saved for future use or a special
purpose [syn: {backlog}, {stockpile}]
3: an athlete who plays only when another member of the team
drops out [syn: {substitute}]
4: (medicine) potential capacity to respond in order to
maintain vital functions
5: a district that is reserved for particular purpose [syn: {reservation}]
6: armed forces that are not on active duty but can be called
in an emergency [syn: {military reserve}]
7: the trait of being uncommunicative; not volunteering
anything more than necessary [syn: {reticence}, {taciturnity}]
v 1: hold back or set aside, esp. for future use or contingency:
reserve: they held back their applause in anticipation.
2: give or assign a share of money or time to a particular
person or cause; "I will earmark this money for your
research" [syn: {allow}, {appropriate}, {earmark}, {set
aside}]
3: hold on to [syn: {retain}, {hold}]
4: obtain or arrange in advance: "We managed to reserve a table
at Maxim's"
5: arrange for and reserve in advance; "reserve a seat on a
flight"; "We booked tickets to the show"; "please hold a
table at Maxim's" [syn: {hold}, {book}]


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